Modaux

Capacité :  CAN   

Peut exprimer : 

• la capacité : He can do it. He can swim.
  
• la permission : Can I leave the table ? Yes you can.
• l'offre : Can I help you ?
• la caractéristique occasionelle : He can really be mean.
• 
  

Incapacité : CAN'T

Peut exprimer :

• l'impossiblité : I can't swim.
• Incapacité : I can't speak German.
• le refus de permission : Can I leave ? No you can't
• l'interdiction (générale) : You can't smoke ont the premises
• reproche : Can't you work a little harder ?

Capacité au passé : COULD

• capacité : When I was young, I could jog for hours
• la capacité hypothétique : I could write a book if I wanted to.
• la demande de permission : Could you open the door ?
• caractéristique occasionelle au passé : She could be very arrogant
• conseil / suggestion : You could be nicer to her, don't you think ?
• reproche : You could have asked me!

Incapacité au passé : COULDN'T

• Impossibilité / incapacité au passé : She couldn't come last year.
• Incapacité hypothétique : He couldn't win even if he wanted too
• Interdiction / refus de permission : Mum told us what we couldn't go to the cinema

Autorisation / Politesse : MAY

• Autorisation : Photos may be taken in the museum.
• Demande de permission : May I open the window ?
• Souhait : May it last!

Interdiction : MAY NOT

• Interdiction : Visitors may not walk on the grass 

Conseil : MIGHT

• Conseil : You might buy a present for her
• Reproche : You might have tried harder
• Regret : I might have written sooner

Ordre : MUST

• Ordre / obligation : I must try harder
• Style indirect : She told me I must go

Interdiciton : MUSN'T

• Interdiction : She musn't play with matches

Requête : WILL

• Proposition polie : Will you marry me ?
• Accord, désir, volonté : Yes, I will
• Caractéristique : Boys will be boys

Refus : WON'T 

• Refus : I won't talk to you

Accord : WOULD

• Volonté : She told me she would do it 
• Habitude : As a child, he would scream for hours
• Requête, proposition polie : Would you have dinner with us ?

Refus au passé : WOULDN'T

• Refus : She wouldn't talk to us.

Proposition : SHALL 

• Offre : Shall I drive ?
• Prédiction : This time tomorrow, I shall be on holidays
• Volonté / détermination : I shall never give up
• Instructions : Teachers shall meet every morning

Ce sont des auxiliaires, ils se conjuguent comme des auxiliaires.

Modaux + Base Verbale

Prononciation :  SHOU(L)D , COU(L)D , WOU(L)D

Correction exercice :

1) Whose computer is this ? It might be Tom (Possibilité)

2) He had to stayed home yesterday (Nécessité)

3) You can leave school at 2:30 (Permission)

4) Though he was sick, he was able to go (Capacité)

5) They look clean, you don't have to wash it (absence de nécessité)

6) You musn't disturb her (interdiction)

7) Whose bag is this ? It must be Samantha's (forte probabilité)

8) I don't belive it. It can't be true (Impossibilité)

9) You don't look well, you should see a doctor (conseil)

10) Would you mind lending me your car ? (requête polie)

1) Tina can speak five languages

2) Nicolas can speak only English and Spanish

3) Kevin's teacher says that he'll be able to play the piano pretty well in a half year

4) I can meet her at the train station tomorrow

5) I'm sure Thomas will be able to explain everything

6) My cat could jump very high when he was younger

7) One of the fishes was able to get out of the aquarium

8) Several criminal managed to escape from the prison

9) I wanted to talk to Sylvia yesterday, but I couldn't find her

10) Anyone can make a mistake

1) I would ask her out to dinner if I had the courage (condition)

2) You should get an Ipad. It's very useful. (conseil)

3) I've got an exam on Monday, I should stay at home (conseil)

4) I could go on holiday to Italy (possibilité)

5) You should really buy a travel guide (conseil)

6) I think my sister would live in Paris if she could get a good job (condition)

7) In your situation, I would consider going abroad (condition)

8) If you forgets your girlfriend birthday, you should call her to apologize (conseil)

9) She should phone her family (conseil)

10) If I had money, I would travel to Japan (condition)